SlideShare a Scribd company logo
Water Quality Impacts of Poultry Manure Headland Stacks Surface Water Study Paul T. Kivlin						Dennis R. Frame Nutrient Management Specialist		   	        Director – Professor Nutrient and Pest Mgmt. Program      		  UW  - Discovery Farms University of Wisconsin – Extension
Goal of the study Investigate the potential for nutrients to move from headland stacked poultry manure into surface water.
Goal of the study Evaluate the potential for nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) to run off a headland stack of poultry manure and enter surface waters.
Goal of the study Evaluate why crops do not grow for a period of time after removing a pile of manure.  This objective was studied in this phase of the project, but the information is provided in a separate presentation.
Study design To evaluate these objectives, a site that met WDNR requirements regarding soil type, slope, soil test levels and location for headland stacked poultry manure was selected.
Surface water study Phase One provided valuable insights on how much rainfall could be absorbed by a headland stack.  Hypothesized that a typical stack of poultry manure would absorb most of the rain that fell on it during the crop season.
Surface water study Hypothesized that the greatest potential for runoff would occur under extreme rainfall conditions (25 year, 24 hour storm events), where portions of the stack become saturated.
Surface water study Hypothesized that the greatest risk for runoff events were from those portions of the stack with minimal manure depth (at the edges of the pile).
Potential surface water impact Headland stacking effects on surface water. Using “pad manure”, the water holding capacity of turkey manure is about 40% by weight.
Potential surface water impact Headland stacking effects on surface water. Measure manure stack runoff for one year from a site that is approved by the DNR.
Creating the stack
Location:			St. Croix County Soil:				Jewett Silt Loam Slope:			Two Percent Stacking  Date:		November, 2003
Stack with wing walls to channel runoff into flume
Station holding sampling equipment
Sampling and data storage equipment
Monthly rainfall data ,[object Object],[object Object]
Total number of runoff events NONE ,[object Object],[object Object]
Moisture contents of headland stacked manure
Explanations for lack of runoff Poultry manure has an extremely high water holding capacity. Visual observations of the manure stack during intense rainfall events also revealed that the water appeared to absorb into, and not shed from, the stack itself.
Explanations for lack of runoff Moisture levels in the manure pile indicate that the moisture was highest close to the surface of the stack and becomes drier deeper into the pile.
Explanations for lack of runoff The reason for lower moisture content within the center and bottom of the headland stack is that substantial heat is generated within the pile because of composting.
Explanations for lack of runoff The heat generation evaporates moisture from the pile and, to some degree, offsets moisture added during rainfall events.
Vegetation around stack A thick mat of vegetation, primarily common lambsquarter, redroot pigweed, giant ragweed, and giant foxtail grew around the edge of the pile.
Vegetation around stack This vegetation further facilitated the infiltration of rain into the soil immediately surrounding the manure stack and decreased the possibility of runoff leaving the site.
Results of soil sampling
Results of soil sampling Soil samples were taken prior to stacking. Soil samples were taken immediately after stack was removed. Samples were taken in the center and on the edge of the stack.
Total Nitrogen
Results of soil sampling Soil analyzed from underneath the direct center of the stack detected relatively high levels of ammonium.
Results of soil sampling Soil analyzed from underneath the direct center of the stack detected lower levels of nitrate.
Results of soil sampling Phosphorus movement into the top foot of the soil was apparent.
Conclusions: ,[object Object],[object Object]
If the stacks were shedding significant amounts of water during rain events, there would be water flow channels, void of plant growth.,[object Object]
Data on soluble salts is available in another presentation/fact sheet.,[object Object]
For Additional Information http://www.uwdiscoveryfarms.org UW Discovery Farms 40195 Winsand Drive PO Box 429 Pigeon Falls, WI 54760 1-715-983-5668 jgoplin@wisc.edu  or drframe@wisc.edu
2  surface water study
2  surface water study
2  surface water study

More Related Content

What's hot

Evapotranspiration
EvapotranspirationEvapotranspiration
Evapotranspiration
Jannat Iftikhar
 
Assessment of shallow aquifers contamination by failure of on site sewage dis...
Assessment of shallow aquifers contamination by failure of on site sewage dis...Assessment of shallow aquifers contamination by failure of on site sewage dis...
Assessment of shallow aquifers contamination by failure of on site sewage dis...
Alexander Decker
 
introduction of hydrology
introduction of hydrologyintroduction of hydrology
introduction of hydrologyPankti Jethi
 
Ground water resources and problems
Ground water resources  and  problems Ground water resources  and  problems
Ground water resources and problems
Jahangir Alam
 
Hydrology%20 Intro[1]
Hydrology%20 Intro[1]Hydrology%20 Intro[1]
Hydrology%20 Intro[1]mcirillo
 
Groundwater exploration
Groundwater explorationGroundwater exploration
Groundwater exploration
Abdalrahman Soliman
 
Ground water exploration
Ground water explorationGround water exploration
Ground water exploration
HemanthKumar1131
 
lysimeters
 lysimeters lysimeters
lysimeters
KhileshKumarsahu
 
Land, soil and water management: Watershed management practices and hydrologi...
Land, soil and water management: Watershed management practices and hydrologi...Land, soil and water management: Watershed management practices and hydrologi...
Land, soil and water management: Watershed management practices and hydrologi...
ICRISAT
 
Evapotranspiration ppt
Evapotranspiration pptEvapotranspiration ppt
Evapotranspiration ppt
Sidra Shahid
 
Individual responsibility in conservation of groundwater resources
Individual responsibility in conservation of groundwater resourcesIndividual responsibility in conservation of groundwater resources
Individual responsibility in conservation of groundwater resources
Ancy Varghese
 
Evaporation in soil water
Evaporation in soil waterEvaporation in soil water
Evaporation in soil water
Arpna bajpai
 
Lec.01.introduction to hydrology
Lec.01.introduction to hydrologyLec.01.introduction to hydrology
Lec.01.introduction to hydrology
Engr Yasir shah
 
Conservation of groundwater
Conservation of groundwaterConservation of groundwater
Conservation of groundwatershreetmishra98
 
Design, Construction, and Maintenance of Green Infrastructure Stormwater Mana...
Design, Construction, and Maintenance of Green Infrastructure Stormwater Mana...Design, Construction, and Maintenance of Green Infrastructure Stormwater Mana...
Design, Construction, and Maintenance of Green Infrastructure Stormwater Mana...
New Jersey Future
 
B.sc. agri i foswce unit 3 soil erosion
B.sc. agri i foswce unit 3 soil erosionB.sc. agri i foswce unit 3 soil erosion
B.sc. agri i foswce unit 3 soil erosion
Rai University
 
Implementation of In-Stream, Streambank and Riparian Practices in Conjunction...
Implementation of In-Stream, Streambank and Riparian Practices in Conjunction...Implementation of In-Stream, Streambank and Riparian Practices in Conjunction...
Implementation of In-Stream, Streambank and Riparian Practices in Conjunction...
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
 
Hydrology and irrigation engineering cel 303
Hydrology and irrigation engineering   cel 303Hydrology and irrigation engineering   cel 303
Hydrology and irrigation engineering cel 303
Gaurav Mittal
 

What's hot (19)

Evapotranspiration
EvapotranspirationEvapotranspiration
Evapotranspiration
 
Assessment of shallow aquifers contamination by failure of on site sewage dis...
Assessment of shallow aquifers contamination by failure of on site sewage dis...Assessment of shallow aquifers contamination by failure of on site sewage dis...
Assessment of shallow aquifers contamination by failure of on site sewage dis...
 
introduction of hydrology
introduction of hydrologyintroduction of hydrology
introduction of hydrology
 
Ground water resources and problems
Ground water resources  and  problems Ground water resources  and  problems
Ground water resources and problems
 
Hydrology%20 Intro[1]
Hydrology%20 Intro[1]Hydrology%20 Intro[1]
Hydrology%20 Intro[1]
 
Surface Water
Surface WaterSurface Water
Surface Water
 
Groundwater exploration
Groundwater explorationGroundwater exploration
Groundwater exploration
 
Ground water exploration
Ground water explorationGround water exploration
Ground water exploration
 
lysimeters
 lysimeters lysimeters
lysimeters
 
Land, soil and water management: Watershed management practices and hydrologi...
Land, soil and water management: Watershed management practices and hydrologi...Land, soil and water management: Watershed management practices and hydrologi...
Land, soil and water management: Watershed management practices and hydrologi...
 
Evapotranspiration ppt
Evapotranspiration pptEvapotranspiration ppt
Evapotranspiration ppt
 
Individual responsibility in conservation of groundwater resources
Individual responsibility in conservation of groundwater resourcesIndividual responsibility in conservation of groundwater resources
Individual responsibility in conservation of groundwater resources
 
Evaporation in soil water
Evaporation in soil waterEvaporation in soil water
Evaporation in soil water
 
Lec.01.introduction to hydrology
Lec.01.introduction to hydrologyLec.01.introduction to hydrology
Lec.01.introduction to hydrology
 
Conservation of groundwater
Conservation of groundwaterConservation of groundwater
Conservation of groundwater
 
Design, Construction, and Maintenance of Green Infrastructure Stormwater Mana...
Design, Construction, and Maintenance of Green Infrastructure Stormwater Mana...Design, Construction, and Maintenance of Green Infrastructure Stormwater Mana...
Design, Construction, and Maintenance of Green Infrastructure Stormwater Mana...
 
B.sc. agri i foswce unit 3 soil erosion
B.sc. agri i foswce unit 3 soil erosionB.sc. agri i foswce unit 3 soil erosion
B.sc. agri i foswce unit 3 soil erosion
 
Implementation of In-Stream, Streambank and Riparian Practices in Conjunction...
Implementation of In-Stream, Streambank and Riparian Practices in Conjunction...Implementation of In-Stream, Streambank and Riparian Practices in Conjunction...
Implementation of In-Stream, Streambank and Riparian Practices in Conjunction...
 
Hydrology and irrigation engineering cel 303
Hydrology and irrigation engineering   cel 303Hydrology and irrigation engineering   cel 303
Hydrology and irrigation engineering cel 303
 

Similar to 2 surface water study

Soil Erosion
Soil ErosionSoil Erosion
Soil Erosion
jbgruver
 
The Hydrological Cycle
The Hydrological  CycleThe Hydrological  Cycle
The Hydrological Cycle
Er.Karan Chauhan
 
wetland id hard copy
wetland id hard copywetland id hard copy
wetland id hard copyJesse Jones
 
Hydro cycle
Hydro cycleHydro cycle
Hydro cycle
sahil chavda
 
The Ecological Role Of Biological Soil Crusts In The Rome Sand Plains of Cent...
The Ecological Role Of Biological Soil Crusts In The Rome Sand Plains of Cent...The Ecological Role Of Biological Soil Crusts In The Rome Sand Plains of Cent...
The Ecological Role Of Biological Soil Crusts In The Rome Sand Plains of Cent...Carlos Rymer
 
Dr. Eileen Kladivko - Transforming Drainage Project
Dr. Eileen Kladivko - Transforming Drainage ProjectDr. Eileen Kladivko - Transforming Drainage Project
Dr. Eileen Kladivko - Transforming Drainage Project
John Blue
 
Temporal and spatial assessment of evaporation transpiration an
Temporal and spatial assessment of evaporation transpiration anTemporal and spatial assessment of evaporation transpiration an
Temporal and spatial assessment of evaporation transpiration an
Ahmed Alzubaidi
 
NISAR ( NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR) ) Water
NISAR ( NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR) ) WaterNISAR ( NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR) ) Water
NISAR ( NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR) ) Water
Dr. Pankaj Dhussa
 
Salt Marsh Loss in the Westport Rivers - March 2017
Salt Marsh Loss in the Westport Rivers - March 2017Salt Marsh Loss in the Westport Rivers - March 2017
Salt Marsh Loss in the Westport Rivers - March 2017
Buzzards Bay Coalition
 
Underground water
Underground  waterUnderground  water
Underground water
ahmed wassel
 
Groundwater Hydrology
Groundwater HydrologyGroundwater Hydrology
Groundwater Hydrology
Malla Reddy University
 

Similar to 2 surface water study (20)

4 impact on groundwater
4 impact on groundwater4 impact on groundwater
4 impact on groundwater
 
4 Impact On Groundwater
4 Impact On Groundwater4 Impact On Groundwater
4 Impact On Groundwater
 
3 soluble salt study
3 soluble salt study3 soluble salt study
3 soluble salt study
 
3 Soluble Salt Study
3 Soluble Salt Study3 Soluble Salt Study
3 Soluble Salt Study
 
Soil Erosion
Soil ErosionSoil Erosion
Soil Erosion
 
The Hydrological Cycle
The Hydrological  CycleThe Hydrological  Cycle
The Hydrological Cycle
 
2014 SCE Poster
2014 SCE Poster2014 SCE Poster
2014 SCE Poster
 
final report
final reportfinal report
final report
 
wetland id hard copy
wetland id hard copywetland id hard copy
wetland id hard copy
 
Hydro cycle
Hydro cycleHydro cycle
Hydro cycle
 
The Ecological Role Of Biological Soil Crusts In The Rome Sand Plains of Cent...
The Ecological Role Of Biological Soil Crusts In The Rome Sand Plains of Cent...The Ecological Role Of Biological Soil Crusts In The Rome Sand Plains of Cent...
The Ecological Role Of Biological Soil Crusts In The Rome Sand Plains of Cent...
 
Dr. Eileen Kladivko - Transforming Drainage Project
Dr. Eileen Kladivko - Transforming Drainage ProjectDr. Eileen Kladivko - Transforming Drainage Project
Dr. Eileen Kladivko - Transforming Drainage Project
 
1 Characterization Phase
1  Characterization Phase1  Characterization Phase
1 Characterization Phase
 
1 characterization phase
1  characterization phase1  characterization phase
1 characterization phase
 
Temporal and spatial assessment of evaporation transpiration an
Temporal and spatial assessment of evaporation transpiration anTemporal and spatial assessment of evaporation transpiration an
Temporal and spatial assessment of evaporation transpiration an
 
3D Seismic Refraction
3D Seismic Refraction3D Seismic Refraction
3D Seismic Refraction
 
NISAR ( NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR) ) Water
NISAR ( NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR) ) WaterNISAR ( NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR) ) Water
NISAR ( NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR) ) Water
 
Salt Marsh Loss in the Westport Rivers - March 2017
Salt Marsh Loss in the Westport Rivers - March 2017Salt Marsh Loss in the Westport Rivers - March 2017
Salt Marsh Loss in the Westport Rivers - March 2017
 
Underground water
Underground  waterUnderground  water
Underground water
 
Groundwater Hydrology
Groundwater HydrologyGroundwater Hydrology
Groundwater Hydrology
 

More from UW Discovery Farms (20)

Headland stacking
Headland stackingHeadland stacking
Headland stacking
 
Non Frozen
Non FrozenNon Frozen
Non Frozen
 
Mapping Carbonate Bedrock
Mapping Carbonate BedrockMapping Carbonate Bedrock
Mapping Carbonate Bedrock
 
Introduction
IntroductionIntroduction
Introduction
 
Jersey valley watershed
Jersey valley watershedJersey valley watershed
Jersey valley watershed
 
Soaring eagle dairy
Soaring eagle dairySoaring eagle dairy
Soaring eagle dairy
 
Saxon homestead
Saxon homesteadSaxon homestead
Saxon homestead
 
Riechers farm
Riechers farmRiechers farm
Riechers farm
 
Koepke farms inc
Koepke farms incKoepke farms inc
Koepke farms inc
 
Heisner family dairy
Heisner family dairyHeisner family dairy
Heisner family dairy
 
Bragger farm
Bragger farmBragger farm
Bragger farm
 
Bragger farm
Bragger farmBragger farm
Bragger farm
 
Pagel’s ponderosa dairy ppt
Pagel’s ponderosa dairy pptPagel’s ponderosa dairy ppt
Pagel’s ponderosa dairy ppt
 
Sed 6 impact of program
Sed 6 impact of programSed 6 impact of program
Sed 6 impact of program
 
Sed 5 sediment and nutrient losses
Sed 5 sediment and nutrient lossesSed 5 sediment and nutrient losses
Sed 5 sediment and nutrient losses
 
Sed 4 the water budget
Sed 4 the water budgetSed 4 the water budget
Sed 4 the water budget
 
Sed 3 equipment procedures and sampling
Sed 3 equipment procedures and samplingSed 3 equipment procedures and sampling
Sed 3 equipment procedures and sampling
 
Sed 2 farm site and study design
Sed 2 farm site and study designSed 2 farm site and study design
Sed 2 farm site and study design
 
Sed 1 history manitowoc discovery farms
Sed 1 history manitowoc discovery farmsSed 1 history manitowoc discovery farms
Sed 1 history manitowoc discovery farms
 
Har 4 manure sampling and nutrient
Har 4 manure sampling and nutrientHar 4 manure sampling and nutrient
Har 4 manure sampling and nutrient
 

Recently uploaded

GenAISummit 2024 May 28 Sri Ambati Keynote: AGI Belongs to The Community in O...
GenAISummit 2024 May 28 Sri Ambati Keynote: AGI Belongs to The Community in O...GenAISummit 2024 May 28 Sri Ambati Keynote: AGI Belongs to The Community in O...
GenAISummit 2024 May 28 Sri Ambati Keynote: AGI Belongs to The Community in O...
Sri Ambati
 
Leading Change strategies and insights for effective change management pdf 1.pdf
Leading Change strategies and insights for effective change management pdf 1.pdfLeading Change strategies and insights for effective change management pdf 1.pdf
Leading Change strategies and insights for effective change management pdf 1.pdf
OnBoard
 
Software Delivery At the Speed of AI: Inflectra Invests In AI-Powered Quality
Software Delivery At the Speed of AI: Inflectra Invests In AI-Powered QualitySoftware Delivery At the Speed of AI: Inflectra Invests In AI-Powered Quality
Software Delivery At the Speed of AI: Inflectra Invests In AI-Powered Quality
Inflectra
 
Mission to Decommission: Importance of Decommissioning Products to Increase E...
Mission to Decommission: Importance of Decommissioning Products to Increase E...Mission to Decommission: Importance of Decommissioning Products to Increase E...
Mission to Decommission: Importance of Decommissioning Products to Increase E...
Product School
 
De-mystifying Zero to One: Design Informed Techniques for Greenfield Innovati...
De-mystifying Zero to One: Design Informed Techniques for Greenfield Innovati...De-mystifying Zero to One: Design Informed Techniques for Greenfield Innovati...
De-mystifying Zero to One: Design Informed Techniques for Greenfield Innovati...
Product School
 
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4
DianaGray10
 
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys at Amazon.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys at Amazon.pdfFIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys at Amazon.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys at Amazon.pdf
FIDO Alliance
 
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !
KatiaHIMEUR1
 
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 preview
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewState of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 preview
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 preview
Prayukth K V
 
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: FIDO Security Aspects.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: FIDO Security Aspects.pdfFIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: FIDO Security Aspects.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: FIDO Security Aspects.pdf
FIDO Alliance
 
When stars align: studies in data quality, knowledge graphs, and machine lear...
When stars align: studies in data quality, knowledge graphs, and machine lear...When stars align: studies in data quality, knowledge graphs, and machine lear...
When stars align: studies in data quality, knowledge graphs, and machine lear...
Elena Simperl
 
Unsubscribed: Combat Subscription Fatigue With a Membership Mentality by Head...
Unsubscribed: Combat Subscription Fatigue With a Membership Mentality by Head...Unsubscribed: Combat Subscription Fatigue With a Membership Mentality by Head...
Unsubscribed: Combat Subscription Fatigue With a Membership Mentality by Head...
Product School
 
To Graph or Not to Graph Knowledge Graph Architectures and LLMs
To Graph or Not to Graph Knowledge Graph Architectures and LLMsTo Graph or Not to Graph Knowledge Graph Architectures and LLMs
To Graph or Not to Graph Knowledge Graph Architectures and LLMs
Paul Groth
 
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys and the Road Ahead.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys and the Road Ahead.pdfFIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys and the Road Ahead.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys and the Road Ahead.pdf
FIDO Alliance
 
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Overview.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Overview.pdfFIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Overview.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Overview.pdf
FIDO Alliance
 
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge Graph
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge Graph
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge Graph
Guy Korland
 
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdfSmart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf
91mobiles
 
AI for Every Business: Unlocking Your Product's Universal Potential by VP of ...
AI for Every Business: Unlocking Your Product's Universal Potential by VP of ...AI for Every Business: Unlocking Your Product's Universal Potential by VP of ...
AI for Every Business: Unlocking Your Product's Universal Potential by VP of ...
Product School
 
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdf
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfKey Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdf
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdf
Cheryl Hung
 
How world-class product teams are winning in the AI era by CEO and Founder, P...
How world-class product teams are winning in the AI era by CEO and Founder, P...How world-class product teams are winning in the AI era by CEO and Founder, P...
How world-class product teams are winning in the AI era by CEO and Founder, P...
Product School
 

Recently uploaded (20)

GenAISummit 2024 May 28 Sri Ambati Keynote: AGI Belongs to The Community in O...
GenAISummit 2024 May 28 Sri Ambati Keynote: AGI Belongs to The Community in O...GenAISummit 2024 May 28 Sri Ambati Keynote: AGI Belongs to The Community in O...
GenAISummit 2024 May 28 Sri Ambati Keynote: AGI Belongs to The Community in O...
 
Leading Change strategies and insights for effective change management pdf 1.pdf
Leading Change strategies and insights for effective change management pdf 1.pdfLeading Change strategies and insights for effective change management pdf 1.pdf
Leading Change strategies and insights for effective change management pdf 1.pdf
 
Software Delivery At the Speed of AI: Inflectra Invests In AI-Powered Quality
Software Delivery At the Speed of AI: Inflectra Invests In AI-Powered QualitySoftware Delivery At the Speed of AI: Inflectra Invests In AI-Powered Quality
Software Delivery At the Speed of AI: Inflectra Invests In AI-Powered Quality
 
Mission to Decommission: Importance of Decommissioning Products to Increase E...
Mission to Decommission: Importance of Decommissioning Products to Increase E...Mission to Decommission: Importance of Decommissioning Products to Increase E...
Mission to Decommission: Importance of Decommissioning Products to Increase E...
 
De-mystifying Zero to One: Design Informed Techniques for Greenfield Innovati...
De-mystifying Zero to One: Design Informed Techniques for Greenfield Innovati...De-mystifying Zero to One: Design Informed Techniques for Greenfield Innovati...
De-mystifying Zero to One: Design Informed Techniques for Greenfield Innovati...
 
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4
 
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys at Amazon.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys at Amazon.pdfFIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys at Amazon.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys at Amazon.pdf
 
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !
 
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 preview
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewState of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 preview
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 preview
 
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: FIDO Security Aspects.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: FIDO Security Aspects.pdfFIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: FIDO Security Aspects.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: FIDO Security Aspects.pdf
 
When stars align: studies in data quality, knowledge graphs, and machine lear...
When stars align: studies in data quality, knowledge graphs, and machine lear...When stars align: studies in data quality, knowledge graphs, and machine lear...
When stars align: studies in data quality, knowledge graphs, and machine lear...
 
Unsubscribed: Combat Subscription Fatigue With a Membership Mentality by Head...
Unsubscribed: Combat Subscription Fatigue With a Membership Mentality by Head...Unsubscribed: Combat Subscription Fatigue With a Membership Mentality by Head...
Unsubscribed: Combat Subscription Fatigue With a Membership Mentality by Head...
 
To Graph or Not to Graph Knowledge Graph Architectures and LLMs
To Graph or Not to Graph Knowledge Graph Architectures and LLMsTo Graph or Not to Graph Knowledge Graph Architectures and LLMs
To Graph or Not to Graph Knowledge Graph Architectures and LLMs
 
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys and the Road Ahead.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys and the Road Ahead.pdfFIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys and the Road Ahead.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys and the Road Ahead.pdf
 
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Overview.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Overview.pdfFIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Overview.pdf
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Overview.pdf
 
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge Graph
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge Graph
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge Graph
 
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdfSmart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf
 
AI for Every Business: Unlocking Your Product's Universal Potential by VP of ...
AI for Every Business: Unlocking Your Product's Universal Potential by VP of ...AI for Every Business: Unlocking Your Product's Universal Potential by VP of ...
AI for Every Business: Unlocking Your Product's Universal Potential by VP of ...
 
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdf
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfKey Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdf
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdf
 
How world-class product teams are winning in the AI era by CEO and Founder, P...
How world-class product teams are winning in the AI era by CEO and Founder, P...How world-class product teams are winning in the AI era by CEO and Founder, P...
How world-class product teams are winning in the AI era by CEO and Founder, P...
 

2 surface water study

  • 1. Water Quality Impacts of Poultry Manure Headland Stacks Surface Water Study Paul T. Kivlin Dennis R. Frame Nutrient Management Specialist Director – Professor Nutrient and Pest Mgmt. Program UW - Discovery Farms University of Wisconsin – Extension
  • 2. Goal of the study Investigate the potential for nutrients to move from headland stacked poultry manure into surface water.
  • 3. Goal of the study Evaluate the potential for nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) to run off a headland stack of poultry manure and enter surface waters.
  • 4. Goal of the study Evaluate why crops do not grow for a period of time after removing a pile of manure. This objective was studied in this phase of the project, but the information is provided in a separate presentation.
  • 5. Study design To evaluate these objectives, a site that met WDNR requirements regarding soil type, slope, soil test levels and location for headland stacked poultry manure was selected.
  • 6. Surface water study Phase One provided valuable insights on how much rainfall could be absorbed by a headland stack. Hypothesized that a typical stack of poultry manure would absorb most of the rain that fell on it during the crop season.
  • 7. Surface water study Hypothesized that the greatest potential for runoff would occur under extreme rainfall conditions (25 year, 24 hour storm events), where portions of the stack become saturated.
  • 8. Surface water study Hypothesized that the greatest risk for runoff events were from those portions of the stack with minimal manure depth (at the edges of the pile).
  • 9. Potential surface water impact Headland stacking effects on surface water. Using “pad manure”, the water holding capacity of turkey manure is about 40% by weight.
  • 10. Potential surface water impact Headland stacking effects on surface water. Measure manure stack runoff for one year from a site that is approved by the DNR.
  • 12. Location: St. Croix County Soil: Jewett Silt Loam Slope: Two Percent Stacking Date: November, 2003
  • 13. Stack with wing walls to channel runoff into flume
  • 15. Sampling and data storage equipment
  • 16.
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19. Moisture contents of headland stacked manure
  • 20. Explanations for lack of runoff Poultry manure has an extremely high water holding capacity. Visual observations of the manure stack during intense rainfall events also revealed that the water appeared to absorb into, and not shed from, the stack itself.
  • 21. Explanations for lack of runoff Moisture levels in the manure pile indicate that the moisture was highest close to the surface of the stack and becomes drier deeper into the pile.
  • 22.
  • 23. Explanations for lack of runoff The reason for lower moisture content within the center and bottom of the headland stack is that substantial heat is generated within the pile because of composting.
  • 24. Explanations for lack of runoff The heat generation evaporates moisture from the pile and, to some degree, offsets moisture added during rainfall events.
  • 25. Vegetation around stack A thick mat of vegetation, primarily common lambsquarter, redroot pigweed, giant ragweed, and giant foxtail grew around the edge of the pile.
  • 26. Vegetation around stack This vegetation further facilitated the infiltration of rain into the soil immediately surrounding the manure stack and decreased the possibility of runoff leaving the site.
  • 27. Results of soil sampling
  • 28. Results of soil sampling Soil samples were taken prior to stacking. Soil samples were taken immediately after stack was removed. Samples were taken in the center and on the edge of the stack.
  • 30. Results of soil sampling Soil analyzed from underneath the direct center of the stack detected relatively high levels of ammonium.
  • 31. Results of soil sampling Soil analyzed from underneath the direct center of the stack detected lower levels of nitrate.
  • 32. Results of soil sampling Phosphorus movement into the top foot of the soil was apparent.
  • 33.
  • 34.
  • 35.
  • 36. For Additional Information http://www.uwdiscoveryfarms.org UW Discovery Farms 40195 Winsand Drive PO Box 429 Pigeon Falls, WI 54760 1-715-983-5668 jgoplin@wisc.edu or drframe@wisc.edu